The story of Romeo and Juliet Essay Example for Free

The narrative of Romeo and Juliet Essay The narrative of Romeo and Juliet isn't just about affection, and destiny, however its likewise about the difficulties and snags you should look in the significance of adoration. Many individuals state theyll do anything for adoration, however all things considered, relatively few individuals would surrender their lives for the one individual who means everything to them. Romeo and Juliet were intended to be together. They were bound for one another and destiny kept them associated for as long as could be expected under the circumstances. The subsequent Romeo and Juliet looked at one another there was love. My lone love sprung from my lone loathe. Romeo said those words since he realized their families would not permit this. As I would like to think, the most noticeably terrible sort of affection, is love implicit of. Romeo and Juliet needed to save their energy for one another calm, with the goal that lone a couple of dear companions would know. At long last predetermination takes them back to one another. Significantly after the entirety of the difficulties life has put upon them, their bodies lie close to each other. Like I stated, Romeo and Juliet had some significant hindrances to experience. Romeo and Juliets families were finished foes. This made it extremely difficult for the two to ever talk or have the opportunity to go through with one another. At the point when Romeo was holding up upon his letter from Juliet with data on their marriage there was a major disturbance causing Romeos closest companions demise. Romeo at that point slaughtered Juliets cousin, the person who murdered his closest companion due to outrage. When everybody was delighted about what had happened Romeo was sent away. This made things amazingly convoluted for both of them, yet some how they figured out how to be hitched. In the event that you feel enough for someone else, its plain to see at times theres nothing this world can do to get you far from them. Shockingly, destiny is imperfect. Romeo and Juliet were intended for one another, by perusing the story you realize that. However, you additionally realize that it would never occur for them. As a result of the adoration those two had for one another it made them two slaughter themselves just to be with the other one. Love ought to never be this disastrous. Everybody merits an opportunity and it doesnt matter how various individuals can be, what is important is the affection they share together, and in life that bond can never be broken. As I would see it its a lot simpler to begin to look all starry eyed at, at that point to drop out. Its a lot simpler to hang tight, at that point to overlook and its a lot simpler to be solid, at that point to give up. In the event that you love somebody you cant simply let it by, you have to seize an it and have a go at giving it a possibility. Everybody gets injured on more than one occasion in their lives yet that is the delight of the excursion. However, just never let go of something that implies more to you then the world in light of the fact that youll never have that feeling again.

The Network Effect Essay -- Technology, Microsoft Products

A few items produce esteem just when they are joined with others, else they have little or no incentive at all in separation (Katz and Shapiro, 1994, p. 93). This is alleged system impact †the way that higher utilization of explicit items makes them progressively significant (Sundararajan, 2003, p.1). Another researcher Leibenstein, calls this impact as â€Å"bandwagon effect†-â€Å"the degree to which the interest for an item is expanded because of the way that others are likewise devouring the equivalent commodity† (Besen, 1999, p.1). The conservative base of system impacts has gotten an immense consideration, since it seems, by all accounts, to be significant in understanding the key highlights of current cutting edge businesses (Bresnaham, 2001, p.2). Transportation frameworks, media transmission frameworks, and so forth display organize externalities, particularly the IT advertise (Lee and O’Connor, 2003, p. 242). Working frameworks of PCs and good prog ramming are a portion of the instances of items encountering system impacts. Clients like to have a working framework on which they will have the option to introduce an enormous number of uses (Fisher, 2000, p.181). The reason for this paper is to comprehend the how the system impacts of Microsoft’s items added to its ascent and predominance in the market. So as to address this inquiry, the accompanying focuses ought to be clarified and broke down. Above all else, the earth of system ventures in which Microsoft works must be examined. In addition, such terms as â€Å"critical mass† and the manner in which it is created; â€Å"tipping points† and their effect on the products’ future, and so on ought to be portrayed. Moreover, the techniques and strategies, which are utilized by Microsoft to keep its situations in the market, ought to be laid out. The token of this ... ...uct (Economides, 1998). Likewise, Microsoft packaged Internet Explorer to its working framework, planning to make a comparable introduced base for IE so it would make a section hindrance to match programs. They moved the passage of contenders. Progressively finished, notice that a â€Å"firm like Netscape has less motivator to create and compose programming applications if Microsoft can build up its own rendition of these product applications and group them with Windows† (Clements, 2002, 13). The specialized improvement of the Ethernet advancements likewise helped Microsoft. As indicated by the With Paper, a few millions were put resources into intra-net systems, into servers, working systems and so forth. That made Microsoft first organization whose items had the option to work in enormous systems. This thusly, pulled in huge associations and government organizations to Microsoft’s item.

Bad Tok Essay Samples

Bad Tok Essay SamplesEvery college student who is looking for test writing practice has one resource he can turn to - bad tok essay samples. These are well-written samples that have been pasted together so you can see how it should be written, and which areas the student can improve on. A good writer can easily follow the samples and write his own essay by looking at the examples. But sometimes, students miss the main idea in the samples and don't come up with original material that they can use in class.Students are sometimes afraid of writing their own papers. It may be a little intimidating for them to do so, and they worry that it will take more time than usual to write. This is why they want to look for good essay samples to help them. When they find them, they will definitely look forward to this first opportunity to write a good essay.So how do you go about finding good essay samples? You can either look for them online or you can ask for them from your teacher. The best way t o look for these is by asking your teacher directly. He or she can be your best source for such information.If you are looking for samples for your own personal use, you have to know the type of student you are dealing with. All students are different in terms of their writing skills. Some students are too fast paced to write a good paper and this is where the bad or essay samples come in. The only solution is to give the student some time to slow down and have time to think before they write the paper. Once the student writes a good paper, they will be able to produce even better papers that will be easier to write.There are many websites on the Internet that are dedicated to providing the right essay samples for the right student. But there are still somethings that need to be considered before selecting the essay samples. Most of these websites have good quality essays but there are also a few that have poor quality essays. It is important to do some research before picking the s ample that you want to use. Sometimes the best way to judge whether the sample is good or not is to ask your professor for a recommendation or even a sample that you can read first.Before you choose the sample, you need to figure out what you want to do with the sample. Would you like to use it in your own writing or use it for another student? Your teacher may provide you with an essay sample for one student in your class but that is not always the case. If you want to use the sample in your own writing, you will need to do some research to find it.A good online essay sample is one that allows you to customize the essay as much as possible. They should allow you to make certain alterations that will help you improve your writing skills. For example, you may want to change the words used in the sample or the sentence structure to make it look more professional.A good writing site will give you sample after sample of essays. You can look through each of them and compare the different things that were used in the essay and then make your own version of the same. This is the only way you will be able to find the best essay samples that are perfect for you.

Global War On Terrorism And Terrorism - 1367 Words

Global War On Terrorism The attack executed in the United States on September 11, 2001 was one of the worst attacks and acts of war ever seen in U.S. history. On that day 2,996 innocent people were killed, over 6,000 people were injured, and about $10 billion in structural and infrastructure damages was caused. The cost added up to $3 trillion in total. The Global War on Terrorism is a metaphor of war referring to the global military campaign led by the United States of America. The war is a NATO operation being led by the U.S. Being a NATO operation, it automatically brings more than 20 allies to the U.S.’s side of the conflict. The U.S. also has multiple non-NATO allies in the War on Terror. The war has been ongoing for just over 15 years, and has been one of the longest wars in the history of the U.S. The location is global, of course, it is in the name. The war is not set in just one location because of the fact that terrorists operate in cells spread out the world, instead of one single army. A lot like how different street gangs are spread throughout a city. Even though there is not a set location, most of the conflict is centralized in the Middle East. Specifically the countries: Afghanistan, Iraq, Yemen, Pakistan and recently in Syria. The main issue with terrorism is that it is a strategy which uses both intimidation and violence in the pursuit of political, religious or ideological gain. Most acts of terrorism involve the killing of innocent peopleShow MoreRelatedThe Us Strategy For Winning The Global War On Terrorism1157 Words   |  5 PagesIn light of this, it should be mentioned that â€Å"the US strategy for winning the Global War on Terrorism is predicated on creating an international environment inhospitable to terrorists and all those who support them† (Fogarty 2001). Meaning, that the fight against terrorism heavily relies on international cooperation. In order to achieve such a feat, nevertheless, America must be amiable by fellow governments and their citizens. Unfortunately, the reports and findings on GTMO makes it increasinglyRead MoreWhy Concerning Global War On Terrorism And Clash Of Civilization Is Incorrect?1776 Words   |  8 PagesB. Why relating Global War on Terrorism to Clash o f Civilization is incorrect? There are several factors that argues that relating global war on terrorism to clash of civilization is incorrect. For example, a. The â€Å"Global war on Terror† and Huntington’s â€Å"Clash of Civilization† could not be engaged in the same position because the West especially the UK and the US and some other Muslim countries like Saudi Arabia, the UAE, Pakistan and Uzbekistan helped AQ when it was in war with the Soviet UnionRead MoreSeptember 11th Attacks Launched the United States Global War on Terrorism1603 Words   |  7 Pagesthe United States launched the Global War on Terrorism, invading both Afghanistan and Iraq. Despite these wars and the necessity for post-conflict stability operations, military leadership, including the Secretary of Defense, had neither desired nor trained its personnel to effectively conduct stability operations, which require effective interagency collaboration. Failing to effectively leverage interagency capabilities during the early phases of the 2003 Iraq War at the strategic, operational,Read More Why Terrorism Should Be a Global Concern Essay1380 Wor ds   |  6 PagesThe war on terror is at the peak and there are vivid indications that every stone will be turned to halt it. A central assumption is that terrorism is a religious war, apparently between Christians and the Muslims. This is just a moral claim that terrorists are using to attract more people over to their side, as well as create solidarity among the Muslims. As a result, the imagery and the reality of terrorism differ overwhelmingly. There are various terror occurrences around the globe that are similarRead MoreTerrorism And Its Impact On Global Politics1734 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Terrorism has a very significant impact in global politics. The impact on global politics is now more significant than ever before, due to the rise of terrorist organisations such as the Islamic State and al-Qaeda. Terrorists use attacks to create chaos and fear in society, forcing global political reactions to control the threat. Fear created through the media is believed to exaggerate the global threat posed by terrorism. Terrorism is able to dramatically change the scope of global politicsRead MoreTerrorism Is A Global Issue1462 Words   |  6 PagesTerrorism is a global issue that has been a problem for many for centuries. Many agree that there is not just one clear definition of the word. The Dictionary.com definition of terrorism is, â€Å"The use of violence and threats to intimidate or coerce, especially for political purposes.† This definition is incomplete. It doesn’t tell you that the act of terrorism is wrong or does it describe who can be affected by it . The FBI’s definition seems to be a better description. They define it as, â€Å"TerrorismRead MoreThe Bombing Of The United States1168 Words   |  5 PagesStates. Terrorism has taken so many innocent lives. Its an issue we deal with on a daily basis. Because of this, President George Bush took extreme measures and was very successful on the global war on terror. He made multiple changes to laws and regulations to help keep American citizens safe. Despite the extreme measures former president George Bush took, the war on terror is not a winnable war.We can take pro cautions to terrorist attacks to a minimum in the United States but this war is somethingRead MoreInternational Terrorism - the Worlds Greatest Challenge Today?680 Words   |  3 PagesInternational Terrorism – The World’s Greatest Challenge Today Today the threat of terrorism is becoming more and more serious. Terrorism is considered the greatest threat against the safety of the world, and especially the USA, today. The extent of the terrorism has increased significantly over the last couple of years, since the terrorist attacks against the US on the 11th of September 2001. After these attacks former president of the US, George Bush declared a war against terrorism. There areRead MoreTerrorism : A Common Definition Of Terrorism972 Words   |  4 Pages Most of the countries around the world call the terrorism a common enemy, but there is not a common definition of terrorism. There is not any significant unified goal and objective among the states against them, but they have their collective and shared goals. They are against the peace, stability, and development and they want to kill, destroy and spread fear. They misuse and misinterprets any faith in their favor and they try to mix terrorism with the religious ideology. And they support eachRead MoreA Global Perspective Of Beat Terrorism1420 Words   |  6 PagesHow to use a Global Perspective to beat Terrorism On July 14th, 2016, France suffered a devastating terrorist attack as a truck driver targeted his vehicle against the citizens of Nice, killing more than 50 people and injuring several more. Although 2016 has not ended, the world has suffered more terrorist attacks this year than any other year in history (Dorell). The group spearheading terrorist attacks in recent years is the Islamic State, also known as ISIS, a radical Sunni Muslim organization

Learning Activity for America before Columbus - 610 Words

Learning Activity over America before Columbus Question 1. What environmental factors prompted the European to look for other places to explore and colonize? Answer 1.The environmental factor that promoted the Europeans to colonize other places is because the European people had a large population of people. Because of the large population of people there was limit supply of natural resources and available food supply to support the country. Furthermore, majority of the people in Europe was in poverty, this situation means that society did not have stability in the Europeans society. The supplies in Europeans were dwindling fast and they needed another alterative. For example, when people started to build dams, the fish population suddenly declined. Europeans lakes and rivers were dirty and the seas that surrounded them were starting to be depleted. Additionally, the fresh water supply started to decline, the rivers were not reliable for the farmers. As a result, this situation caused Europeans to look for other places to explore. Lastly the Europeans had a lot of wars which caused many issues. North American was and ideal place to sett le and had an abundant supply of natural resources. Questions 2. What trade\economic factors prompted Europeans to look for other places to explore and colonize? Answer2. The Europeans has four factors that caused them to want look for other places for trade and economics. One of the trade and economic factors that prompted theShow MoreRelatedChristopher Columbus And The Middle Of A Population Revival1405 Words   |  6 Pagesas a boost in economic activity after the Black Death. Some Iberian explorers began setting out on voyages, as the revival created a demand of luxuries, such as spices, in the East. This expansion also was also caused by religious fervor. The Christian reconquista encouraged the Portuguese and Spanish to continue the Christian crusade. Portugal sent Vasco da Gama and Spain sent Christopher Columbus to find a trading route to Asia (History, 432). Both da Gama and Columbus were sailors on a missionRead MoreLegacy of Christopher Columbus2614 Words   |  11 PagesThe Legacy of Christopher Columbus Abstract After many centuries, a lot of controversy still surrounds Christopher Columbus. He remains to be a strange figure in history regarded as a famous explorer and a great mariner who made many discoveries in his days. Other people still regard him as a visionary and a national hero while others chose to remember him as a brutal and greedy person who used the rest of the humanity for his own selfish gains. Despite the fact that there have been protests inRead MoreSpecial Education in Classrooms Across America Essay708 Words   |  3 PagesIn classrooms across America, teachers must provide instruction that is culturally, linguistically appropriate as well as based on core standards. Special education gives children instruction based upon their unique needs based on a documented disability. Student disabilities often involve mental, physical, emotional and behavioral issues that makes instruction a challenge. The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) governs how states an d public agencies provide early interventionRead More Friedrich Froebel and Marie Clay Essay example1538 Words   |  7 PagesFriedrich Froebel and Marie Clay Friedrich August Wilhelm Froebel was born in Oberweissback, Germany in April 21, 1782 (Ransbury, 1995). He was the sixth child of a Lutheran Minister, but lost his mother before his first birthday. As a young boy, he played and explored in the gardens surrounding his home most of the time. His deep love of nature would later influence his educational philosophy. He did not become educated until age eleven. When he was fifteen years old, he was apprenticedRead MoreEssay on The Rise of European Empires1330 Words   |  6 Pageswithout waning until the spring of 1350. It is â€Å"generally assumed to have killed between one third and one half of the populace† but being carried over to Scotland, it was being spread and began to rejuvenate its wrath â€Å"in the spring of 1350† there, before making its way over southward to Wales then back up into Ireland. The plague reappeared in â€Å"1361-64, 1368, 1371, 1371-75, 1390, 1405 and continued into the fifteenth century .† The result was a dramatic reduction in population, a surplus of luxuryRead MoreAborginal People1531 Words   |  7 PagesAboriginal People Learning statement Before taking this course I was not known to the fact that aboriginal people have significant importance in Canada. This course seemed to be very interesting to me, as it was totally new to me. It was not only interesting; it opened the gate way to new information which I was never aware of before. I got to learn a lot of new and interesting facts about the aboriginal people, which changed my perspective about them, and increased my learning. With the passageRead MoreThe Challenges of Global Citizens1252 Words   |  5 Pagesis the PERFECT way to develop critical thinking and, using Blooms taxonomy, more advanced synthesis and integration of materials. I believe one way to approach this would be to use literature as a way to bring together a combination of different learning styles and an approach to core curricula that allows the student to see that subjects are really tied together and not simply math problems, science problems, or reading exercises within a vacuum. Literature com prises so many different ideas, conceptsRead MoreAmerican History : Native American Religion1615 Words   |  7 Pagesand evil before they were colonized. The communities have lost most of their beliefs and practices as they took place in the earlier community to popular religions which were introduced during and after the colonialism periods (Bonvillain and Porter 23-43). However, all is not lost yet. The community still has some traditionalists who continue to carry on with the religious practices of ancient America before the coming of the missionaries from other countries, such as Christopher Columbus (BonvillainRead MoreHow Physical Activity Affects The State Of Georgia Essay1305 Words   |  6 Pagestype of physical activity. It has affect the state of Georgia as well. With many of the children I see today that are overweight I see that it can be prevented by adding more physical activities or time to the classes. Physical activity is the ability to perform the different characteristics of sports and professions for the sake of a person’s health and well-being. Physical activity can include walking, running, swimming and etc. Exercise would be considered a type of physical activity. It is knownRead MoreNative American And The Revolutionary War Essay1704 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction The Native American’s were the first known settlers in North America, ten thousand years before Columbus came to the continent. Their origins completely unclear, anthropologists believe there were three to five million Native Americans in North America in the year 1492 (Hoxie and Iverson, 1997). As early as the Revolutionary War in 1775, European settlers started taking note of the Native Americans. Unfortunately, the Native American population plunged significantly in the first decades

The Crucible And The Scarlet Letter - 1337 Words

The Crucible and The Scarlet Letter are two literary works that helps to shape themes for generations of inquiry. The books emphasize the themes stated all throughout the deposition of the story. They were also books that spoke about a messages as the social issues were taking place during their time periods known as, ‘The Red Scare’ and ‘Puritan Takeover.’ The two books are especially interesting in the way they display these themes, while going about them differently. The Crucible focuses on the witch trials, and the Scarlet Letter plays on infidelity in a community fixated on morality. The two play highly on the idea of revenge and hypocrisy in a world dominated by social issues and does this throughout the entirety of both books. In the Scarlet Letter hypocrisy and revenge can be shown through Hester’s lover and the issues that are faced by Reverend Dimmesdale. The Crucible shows the same when characters accused people of being witches, the churc h’s hypocritical ways toward witches, and characters’ actions towards each other. The Scarlet Letter took place during the Puritan era which was highly moral. The Puritans were labeled as hypocrites because they were kicked out/ left England due to religious persecution, then persecuted against others’ religions. In the Scarlet Letter, the main character Hester Prynne was sent to jail and sentenced to wear a letter A on her chest for some time all due to a relationship with her lover and a bastard child. The obvious example ofShow MoreRelatedThe Crucible And The Scarlet Letter1130 Words   |  5 Pagespeople in society, there is a certain set of logical unspoken rules that are not written rules. The understanding and following of these rules will allow you to belong in most groups. Unspoken rules are what make a group who they are. The Crucible and The Scarlet Letter both have perfect examples for the relationship between unspoken rules and belonging. Also, these works take place in the 17th century around the same area. This creates almost the same settin g for both stories where the unspoken rulesRead MoreThe Scarlet Letter And The Crucible1169 Words   |  5 Pagesof the different ideologies and beliefs of the time period. The Scarlet Letter and The Crucible both take place at a time in our nation’s history that is much studied for its significance. These were times when America was just beginning to become colonized. The Scarlet Letter and The Crucible teach the readers vital information about the time period in which these texts take place. To begin with, The Scarlet Letter and The Crucible relay vital information to the reader about how rule-breakers wereRead MoreThe Crucible And The Scarlet Letter1322 Words   |  6 PagesThe Crucible and The Scarlet Letter have several commodities in common. A basic summary of The Crucible is, it’s about a village, Salem, in the 1600’s, wherein witchery is loose and several conflicted souls must be captured, purified, confessed, or hung. The attempt to dispose of all witchcraft was tampered with by citizens of Salem being dishonest and deceitful. Lots of the deception stemmed from the jealousy, vengeance, and other personal vendettas. The Scarlet Letter summarized is that it is aboutRead MoreThe Scarlet Letter And The Crucible821 Words   |  4 Pagesis one that that is both emitted in the Scarlet Letter and The Crucible. Both literary works share similar ideas, but also have quite a few differences. Nathaniel Hawthorne, the writer, utilizes symbolism for the scarlet letter, to be a symbol of Hester’s shame. The embroidered â€Å"A† on Hester’s bosom symbolizes the sin of adultery which she had committed. Not only was the sign of embarrasment used but also the scaffold had great importance in the Scarlet Letter. The scaffold was used as place of humiliationRead MoreThe Crucible And The Scarlet Letter2065 Words   |  9 PagesPuritanism as well. Both Miller and Hawthorne take negative stances against Puritanism. This can be seen in their works The Crucible and The Scarlet Letter. The Scarlet Letter deals with the Puritan intolerance of those who committed a sin. In Hester Prynne’s situation, her adultery with Reverend Dimmesdale seemed to have sparked a particular hatred for her within her community. The Crucible deals with the Puritan fight against witchcraft. Many people in the town are accused of being witches and are forcedRead MoreThe Scarlet Letter And The Crucible1502 Words   |  7 PagesThe Scarlet Letter a nd The Crucible are two stories both set in the early days of the Massachusetts colony. Both of these stories have many similarities between them, including setting, situations, and conflict. The two stories were also very different. The effects of sin on the characters, how they deal with their sin, and the consequences of their actions are different in each story. The Crucible and The Scarlet Letter are different works and although they deal with similar conflicts the consequencesRead MoreComparing the Crucible and the Scarlet Letter1071 Words   |  5 Pagesbooks. Two selections that go into detail about some of the different aspects of the Puritan people are The Crucible, by Arthur Miller, and The Scarlet Letter, by Nathaniel Hawthorne. These two particular writers who wrote of Puritan times conveyed, in their text, the similarities of religion, punishment, and adultery in the Puritan community of 17th century. br brBriefly, The Crucible looks at some the actual historical eve nts of the Salem witch trials. It was witchcraft that the story was setRead MoreThe Scarlet Letter and the Crucible Comparison948 Words   |  4 PagesSkyler Vincent English 2333 Amanda Cuellar April 04, 2012 In The Crucible and The Scarlet Letter, they are both known to be a part of the Puritan religion. The puritans are known to be very strict. Often people are put to cruel punishments for mistakes or sins they had committed. The actions they take to â€Å"punish† a person are extreme. The Puritans act and seem so committed to their religion. The people seem â€Å"Holy† but you never really know what happens behind closed doors. The Puritan religionRead MoreScarlet Letter And The Crucible Comparison732 Words   |  3 PagesThe Comparison of The Scarlet Letter and The Crucible Both in the novel The Scarlet Letter, written by Nathaniel Hawthorne, and the play The Crucible, written by Arthur Miller, women play an important role in the story. Whether it’s for the good of the town or for the worse is the main difference in the stories. Both take a different view on women, and make them the main driving feature of the story, leading to be an interesting comparison when put side by side. In The Crucible, the women of the storyRead MoreThe Scarlet Letter vs. the Crucible Essay703 Words   |  3 PagesThe edgy tale of The Scarlet Letter by Nathaniel Hawthorne is comparable in many ways to Arthur Miller’s haunting play The Crucible. Both are set in Puritan New England in the 17th century and revolve around the harsh law enforcement of the time. However, The Scarlet Letter tells the story of a woman as she deals with her heavy Puritan punishment, whereas The Crucible follows hysteria as it spreads throughout an entire town. Hester Prynne, the main character of The Scarlet Letter, was found guilty for

Desi Arnaz His Orchestra - Babalu free essay sample

Babalu reflects the appeal and color oflegendary bandleader Desi Arnaz. His talented singing voice has a Cuban flare.What this musician likes to do is take the most popular Cuban songs and mix themwith his own to make an unmatched musical experience. Not only is Arnaz a musician, he is alsowell-known for his starring role as Ricky Ricardo on the sitcom I LoveLucy, where he played a bandleader, at times performs some of hishits. Desi Arnaz starts this collectionwith the song Babalu. This tune has almost a tribal feel as the leadman plays the conga drums. This is perhaps one of the best albums to play at anightclub. It has songs to dance to as well as slow songs. Also, the musicreflects the artist. One can learn about the culture of Cuba through Arnazs manyreferences to the country and some Spanish lyrics. Babalu isone of a kind. Not many have reached the popularity of this Cuban star. We will write a custom essay sample on Desi Arnaz His Orchestra Babalu or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The albummay appear to be outdated and only appreciated by the past generation, but thatsnot true. It still serves as a basis for salsa and jazz musicians. Babalu is a top-rated Latin album. It is very moving, and mayeven inspire listeners to relocate to Cuba.

Sempra Energy

Logistics and operations of the company Sempra Energy is a globally known company in the supply of energy. It is probably the biggest company in the sector. The company’s center is in San Diego, although it has branches in several places, which traverses the world. Its mother company, Sempra Global, houses several other companies.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Sempra Energy specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Employment and forms of energy production Upon initiation in 1998, it has grown to employ more than 13,800 people who served in excess of 25 million consumers in 2009 alone. The company’s presence is evident in Fortune 500, which ranks the top 500 companies and corporations in the country. The strengths that define Sempra Energy entail employing competent workers in all levels of energy production. The employees possess all the equipments they need; furthermore, their working environment is plea sant (Ashby, Miles Heidrick et al., 2002). Sempra Energy also treats the workers well and gives them better compensation than many other competitors give. One major weakness is that due to centralization in management, the administrators make some decisions based on the reports they receive. This is regardless of the acknowledgements posed by diverse entities. â€Å"Ethics and Social Responsibility† The company participates in various corporate social responsibilities, which promotes its reputation and consequently its market base. This company enjoys global supremacy due to its diverse products (Thompson Strickland, 2003). It deals with electrical and gas energy utilities with emphasis on sustainable use of energy. The company presence in the global arena is advantageous; however, the economic recession may affect the county’s operation. Sempra Energy is in a formidable financial position. This is apparent in research on consumer’s needs and identification of emerging markets. The company can reach new markets with ease, upon comparison to competitors.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Changes and effects of transitional demographics Demography has shown that population will continue to grow and this creates more opportunity for Sempra Energy’s products (Pennwell Corporation, 2007). As the populace grows, a desire arises for more power utilities. Although Sempra Energy has established itself well in the energy sector, it is important not to underrate potential threats that will arise. There are possibilities that new companies will come up and strategize on how to overtake the company. Therefore, the company should lure consumers so that competitors will have to draw new consumers (Plunkett Plunkett, 2008). Technology is an additional threat to Sempra because it is likely to introduce utilities, which last longer, thus red uced sales. A positive view is that Sempra Energy should be the first to stock such resources thereby taking leads. This is before the ‘marketplace is swamped with other companies’ products’ (Plunkett Plunkett, 2008) Longevity strategies The trend in the recent past is that there is preference for products, which are responsive to the surroundings. It is noteworthy that energy efficient utilities, which Sempra supplies are advantageous thus increasing the total sales for the company. Longevity strategies ensure that there is a continued allegiance towards Sempra Energy’s products (Ashby et al., 2002). This is through supplying high quality utilities and ensuring that they are reliable. As new consumers come into the market, they prefer products that are already tested and working. References Ashby, M. Miles, S. Heidrick and Struggles. (2002). Leaders talk leadership: Top executives speak their minds. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Pennwell Corporation. (2007). Oil and Gas Journal Databook 2006: Databook 2000. Pennwell Corp.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Sempra Energy specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Plunkett, J. Plunkett Research, Ltd. (2008). Plunkett’s energy industry almanac 2009: The only comprehensive guide to the energy utilities industry. Houston, Tex: Plunkett Research. Thompson, A. Strickland, A. (2003). Strategic management: Concepts and cases. Massachusetts, MA: McGraw-Hill. This essay on Sempra Energy was written and submitted by user Lady Deathstrike to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Study of the Mian Beverage Company (Pvt) limited in Pakistan The WritePass Journal

Study of the Mian Beverage Company (Pvt) limited in Pakistan Study of the Mian Beverage Company (Pvt) limited in Pakistan Chapter 1  Introduction1.1 Company Profile1.1.1  Ã‚  Vision:  1.1.2  Ã‚  Mission:1.1.3 Corporate Objective1.2 Organization Structure Chapter 2 Literature Review2.1 Environmental Analysis2.1.1 SWOT Analysis2.1.1.1 Strengths: 2.1.1.2 Weaknesses:2.1.1.3 Opportunities:2.1.1.4 Threats:2.1.2   PEST Analysis2.1.2.1 Political:2.1.2.2 Economical:   2.1.2.4 Technological:2.2 Marketing Strategies2.2.1 Product Opportunity Matrix2.2.2 BCG Matrix 2.2.3 Product Life Cycle2.3 TARGET MARKET2.3.1Who is our consumers?2.3.2Target marketing2.3.3 Market Segmentation2.4 GAP ANALYSIS2.5 Competitors:2.6 Price:Chapter 3Research Methodology3.1 Overview of the Research Methods3.1.1 Positivism3.1.2 Realism3.1.3 Interpretive3.2 Research Methods:  Ã‚  Ã‚   3.2.1 Qualitative: 3.2.2 Quantitative:  3.2.3 Comparison of Qualitative and Quantitative research methods3.3 Exploratory Research3.4 Descriptive Research3.5 Casual Research3.6 Data Collection:3.6.1 Primary Data Collection3.6.2 Secondary Data Coll ection3.6.3 Questionnaires 3.7 Justification of the Research Application3.8 Limitation of ResearchChapter 4 Summary of the Response Details4.1 Age Distribution.4.2 Gender Distributions.4.3 Change of Taste.4.4   Brand Consciousnesses.4.5   Boost of Energy.4.6 Energy Drink is harmful for health.4.7 Affordability of Price.4.8. Reason to buy a new Energy Drink.4.9   Use of Caffine is addictive.4.10 Purchase of new energy drink4.11 Interest to buy the Xtreme.4.12. Alternative Energy drinks.4.13 If this product were available today, when would you be most likely to buy it?Chapter 5 Data Analysis  5.1   Age + Gender Distribution5.2 Change of Taste + Brand Consciousness 5.3 Boost of Energy + Harmful for Health5.4 Use of Caffine is addictive5.5 Affordability of Price + Reason to buy New Drink5.6 Interest to buy Xtreme + CompetitorsChapter 6 ConclusionRelated Chapter 1   Introduction 1.1 Company Profile The Mian Beverage Company (Pvt) limited has been active in the market since July 28, 2006. The company aimed to achieve a reputation for quality beverages and their distribution in Pakistan. The company started his business with some products like fruit juices and mineral water, which were available very well in the market of Multan and surroundings and had established the company as a quality-oriented organization. It currently has a product portfolio of 2 products. The company’s products are famous in the market for their high quality. The company is now planning to further expand their products by adding itself into the energy drink market with the launch of an energy drink named Xtreme. 1.1.1  Ã‚  Vision:   Our vision is to provide a greatest level of satisfaction through service to our customers along with very high standard of customer service. We have also a vision to offer our customers top quality control of products and services. 1.1.2  Ã‚  Mission: The mission of our company to offer good products which are free from artificial colours and provide best quality in a affordable price in order to get maximum market share and develop a trust of the product amount the customers. 1.1.3 Corporate Objective â€Å"At the Beverage Company Pvt. Ltd we strive to operate our company on a sound financial basis of profitable growth increasing for our stake holders and creating career opportunities and financial rewards for our employees† 1.2 Organization Structure We believe in brand management and therefore follow organization structure for all our brands. CEO Rizwan Amjad Brand Manager Zahid Hameed Marketing Manager Finance Manager Product Manager Muhammad Ahsan Hassan Khan Omer Farooq The Brand Manager monitors trends and market activities to ensure that the right message delivered to their customers about their products. The Brand Manager is closely to different teams like Researchers, Marketing, and developers and create agencies to make sure that all of them followed their company’s brand values. Marketing plays a very important role in every field of business life and Marketing Manager is a person who knows customers needs so his responsibilities can vary enormously but always has a central objectives. As Marketing Managers use a wide range of marketing techniques and think creatively, and introduce new ways of communications with customers. The Financial aspects of the brand are handled and monitored by the Finance Manager. The Product Manger is in charge of meeting the set benchmarks for production and mainly the Total Quality Management (TQM). This project aims to approach in a theoretically and practically manner the main aspects of launching a new product. There will be analyzed one by one all the stages of the launching process of a new product, throughout the project there will be used theoretical concepts from the marketing literature and for illustrating the examples there will be used marketing research results conducted by specialized companies and personal secondary data processing. The issue of launching a new product is not very complex in the field of energy drinks products because the pace of innovation is developing not very rapidly and the competition between producers is very slow (as for as innovation is concern). For a new product to be successful, its necessity, quality and value must be recognized by the consumer, meaning to be tested, accepted and bought in a repeated way The concept of â€Å"new product† has several meanings: In terms of marketing, the new product is that product which is launched on the market at one moment and finds no equivalent in the existing supply; From the consumer point of view, the new product is one that has the potential to satisfy a new need or an existing one. From the company point of view, the new product is any product assimilated into production for the first time by the company. There are some assumptions from which the producer is tempted to start in creating and launching a new product: a strong brand sells everything; a new product will be sold because of consumer curiosity, a high price is a guarantee of quality for the new product; a strong promotional campaign will convince a significant number of consumers to purchase the product; some consumers will be unsatisfied, so the company should not change the vision and strategy; the product can be improved over time following the users. Energy Drinks and other new beverages are taking the business world by storm. Some say its the new gold rush! Lear how to profit from it. Everyone can start their own Energy Drink or New Age Beverage. The barrier of entry to get into the market is not very high. You dont need to have millions of dollars to start your own energy drink. You do need some money but you need more vision and work. Why passion and elbow grease? Well, just because you bottle your Energy Drink does not mean youll sell it. Distributors get hundreds of calls per month from new energy drinks, or JAED (Just Another Energy Drink). Do something different! Target new people; create a new package, not just another energy drink. Dont just say I have the best flavor or it tastes better than red bull. Having a better tasting energy drink is not the basis for a new company. It is very easy to have a better tasting energy drink. So what exactly are New Age Beverages? Well, this is a new category within the Beverage Industry that covers the new style of beverages. This new category is growing and changing. Before only Energy Drinks and really new innovative beverages where part of the category. Now the category has evolved and you can include enhanced water, teas, diet drinks, iced coffee and really, any new drink. Every beverage company wants’ to be associated with the New Age category because not just because its sexier but because the category is growing quicker and investors are looking at it up close. What are the energy drinks? Energy drinks are non-alcoholic beverages which are intended to provide a quick burst of high energy to the consumer. Cola and coffee drink have long been promoted and known as energy drinks meant to give you a little pick me up, mostly in the form of caffeine and sugar. Jolt Cola in the 80,s was one of the early entries in the energy drink market, with double the caffeine of normal cola. It was marketed towards teen and college students as a way to get an energy edge and keep you awake and energized. Their slogan, in fact, was twice the caffeine. Jolt has in fact recently been reincarnated given the success of other energy drinks. What are the most popular energy drinks? Red Bull, created by an Austrian company, really defined the category, and was launched in Europe in the late 1980s. Their slogan is Red Bull gives you wings, with images of winged bulls flying in their ads and logos. Japan and Thailand have a longer history of energy drinks and the use of caffeine has been a key ingredient in those countries. Energy drinks acting as an alternative to coffee were first introduced in Europe. In Europe, energy drinks were pioneered by the S. Spitz Company and a product named Power Horse, The market received a significant boost when  Red Bull  entered the US market in 1997. After this successful market introduction, various beverage companies including Coca-Cola and Pepsi entered the market. Austria-based Red Bull remains the market leader though with an approximate market share of 65%. According to Beverage Marketing, the growth rate of this industry had been doubling every since the late 90s. The current U.S. domestic market may be approximately $4 billion, expected to grow to an estimated US $10 billion by 2010. Recent years have witnessed the emergence of several new energy drinks. They include KMX of Coca-Cola, 180 of Anheuser-Busch, Hansens Energy, and Adre naline Rush of PepsiCos So Be. Pepsi had earlier introduced AMP under the Mountain Dew brand and also Extreme Energy by Arizona Beverage Company was launched. Growth of the current worldwide market for energy drinks is estimated at 17.8%. Major producers are focusing heavily on marketing, targeting the promotion of energizing conception, result-oriented marketing and product positioning and a greater push into developing markets. Energy drinks are typically attractive to young people. Approximately 65% percent of its drinkers are between the ages of 16 and 35 years old, with males being approximately 65% of the market.  A 2008 statewide Patient Poll conducted by the Pennsylvania Medical Societys Institute for Good Medicine found that: 20% of respondents ages 21–30 had used energy drinks in high school or college to stay awake longer to study or write a paper; 70% of respondents knew someone who had used an energy drink to stay awake longer to study or work.  Energy drinks are also popular as  drink mixers. The â€Å"Mian Beverage Company† is a Beverage firm going to launch a new product in Pakistan. It’s an energy drink product with the name â€Å"Extreme†. The firm is going to start its operation in a limited geographical level. The company growth policy is to fulfill the customer need with quality product to grow. Our product is an energy drink. Now the question here is; what exactly is an energy drink? Is it something that keeps you awake for long hours? Something that gives you extra energy to work for hours? Or is it a supplement that compensates for the lost salt and water in your body? We selected what we felt to be the best combination of ingredients to provide positive results without negative side effects We also wanted Xtreme products to be helpful to a wide range of people, not just athletes or students or some other specialized group. Xtreme offers better taste, better Flavours; it is an energy drink that can be used by anyone and everyone. Xtreme provides better quality and a better image, the competition for energy drinks is high no doubt, but our drink provides a light better tasting with a wide variety of Flavours, better packaged and better imaged energy supplement that can even be used as a substitute for water which can compensate for your body water and salts. This business is work, but there is a lot of profit in it and even more fun. You have special events, parties, promotions, and you can spin and position your products the way you want, having fun in the process. Why are these drinks growing at 50% per year or more? Why do we see so many waters, energy drinks, hydrating products, etc. on the market today? The answer is easy. Consumers are demanding more and more drinks. They want drinks for every occasion or part of the day. They want organic drinks, sugary drinks, healthy drinks and every type of drink to fit their personality, and style.    Chapter 2 Literature Review Diversification strategies are used to expand firms operations by adding new market or product. It seeks to increase profitability through greater sales volume obtained from a new product. The PEST SWOT analysis, Product Life Cycle, and Product Opportunity Matrix are very important when you launch a new product so we will go through these analyses and for this purpose we have to study these analyses thoroughly. So for these purpose we use some books, journals and websites to examine these analysis. In order to launch a new product we must have some information about its origin and history.   The term â€Å"energy drinks† refers to beverages that contain caffeine in combination with other ingredients such as taurine, guarana, and B vitamins, and that claims to provide its consumers with extra energy (1). This term was created by companies in the beverage industry (1) and is not recognized by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) or the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA. 2.1 Environmental Analysis 2.1.1 SWOT Analysis SWOT Analysis is a very effective way of identifying one’s (internal analysis that is) Strengths and Weaknesses, and of examining the Opportunities and Threats (the external factors) that one face. Carrying out an analysis using the SWOT framework helps to focus the activities into areas where one is strong and where the greatest opportunities lie. 2.1.1.1 Strengths: Mian Beverage has a strong financial background in beverage industry and has some abundant working capital. We have already a strong distribution channel so because of this existing delivery channels we would not face any difficulties to distribute our new product. Our taste is very different and good so it will provide a pleasant change to the customers and defiantly it will create better image of Mian Beverage Company in the market and most important we have a clear knowledge of our target market. 2.1.1.2 Weaknesses: Mian Beverage could face a price pressure from its competitors because these companies like Red Bull, Blue Ox has large market share and they have already create their market. 2.1.1.3 Opportunities: We have a product that is according to market needs i.e. Low Price and Good Taste that hasn’t been well catered. Also this market has potential to grow further very well. In this situation Competitors might be slow to respond and we should grab this opportunity to increase our sales as much as possible and we should take advantage of people’ increased spending power. A great opportunity is waiting if Xtreme is to be able to provide a low cast good energy drink in the market 2.1.1.4 Threats: The biggest threat for Mian Beverage is a unstable political situation of the country and because of this business conditions of the country is not very favourable for business community. The energy shortfall of the country has reach 5500 M/W and because of this load shedding has increase more than 16 hours daily and under this situation, it is very difficult for company to survive because use of generators is not affordable with high petroleum prices.   Other companies in the same business with innovative plans are currently a threat for the company. 2.1.2   PEST Analysis The term PESTLE has been used regularly in the last 10+ years but its true history is difficult to establish. For scanning the Business environment first it appears by Francis J Aguilar (1967) who discusses â€Å"ETPS’ a mnemonic for the four sectors of environment. Economic, Technical, Political and Social. Shortly after its publication Arnold Brown for the institute of Life insurance in US reorganized it as STEP (Strategic Trend Evaluation Process) as way to organize the result of his environment scanning. Thereafter it again modified to become a so called STEPE. In 1980,s several other authors including Fahey, Narayanan, Morrison, Renfro, Boucher, Mecca, and Porter included variations in a variety of orders like PEST, PESTLE, STEEPLE, etc The term PESTLE is particularly popular on HR and introductory marketing course in the UK. The acronym PEST (or sometimes rearranged as STEP) is used to describe a framework for the analysis of these macro environmental factors. A PEST analysis fit into an overall environmental scan as shown in the figure. Source:   Proven models 2.1.2.1 Political: Political/government factors can be affected The Mian Beverage Company in many ways. Food and drink safety and security regulations will continue to be a hot issue as many producers strive to make sure that there will be only good and safe ingredients entering and leaving their processing units. In this industry, bad experience by customers turns into bad reputation. The Mian beverage company needs to be in compliance now more than ever with food and drink safety commissions so that they can ensure that there will be no bad experiences to give them poor publicity. Government policies can also affect the Mian Beverages business. Sometimes Government policies favor the business but on the other hand can affect the business too. Trade restrictions and tariff can also affect Mian Beverages. If there is a increase in import duty and strengthen their policies regarding import/export then it will also affect Mian Beverages business because Mian Beverages import many products from different countries. Political Stability is also a important factor which may affect Mian Beverages business because if there is no political stability in country then there no continuity of policies and because of this investors feel hesitation to invest his money. Security situation in a country may affect the Mian Beverages business because investor feels insecure about his money and property. Tax policies are also play a vital role in affecting the business because increase in Sales Tax, Income Tax will defiantly decrease the purchasing power of the buyer. 2.1.2.2 Economical:   Economical factors can also affect at Mian Beverages business so it is very important to analyze these factors in order to take precautionary measures. If the inflation rate goes up then the result of that purchasing power of the lay man is affected and result of that affect the Mian Beverages business. Exchange rates also affect Mian Beverages because there are many items which Mian Beverages have to import from other countries and if the exchange rate is high then it will defiantly cost Mian Beverages. Unemployment is also important factor and if the unemployment ration is very high then people purchasing power is also low and it will affect Mian Beverages business. Recession is also a very important factor which can affect Mian Beverages business The increase in Sales   Tax is also affect Mian Beverages business because after include Sales tax, the price of many items rise beyond the large number of population and they refused to buy these items which are within their budget before sales tax increase. because if the business conditions of the country are not very good and profit ratio goes down consistently then company have to downsize their employee and the result of that purchasing power of people affect which also affect Mian Beverages business.   2.1.2.3 Sociological: Mian Beverages can be affected by social factors because taste, likes and social trends can affect the demand and supply line of the company. If people become more health conscious and they have more awareness then the past then it can also affect Mian Beverages business because many researches said that energy drinks are not very good for health then people may stop to buy the energy drinks. 2.1.2.4 Technological: Today technological factor plays a vital role if a company wants to increase their business and wants to retain their customers. For this purpose Mian Beverages used many IT means. Research and development is a factor which can affect Mian Beverages business. When Mian Beverages launch a new product then in order to analyze customers need and requirements Mian Beverages has RD development programme for safeguard its loss in future. Technology reduces the labor cost of Mian Beverages which will result increase in profit. For example installation of automatic machines and CCTV cameras to avoid a extra resource in factory and more security guards. Rate of technological change may also affect Mian Beverages business in a way if Mian Beverage is not aware with the latest technology then it is very difficult for Mian Beverages to compete with their competitors and rate of technology change is high then it will impact positively because technology always work for reduce human effort . Techn ology gives a means and opportunities to cut costs and improve efficiency. All this will be done as per HALAL regulations but keeping abreast with optimum hygiene conditions. No alcohol will be used in our energy drinks. Hygienic conditions are the single most important aspect of our products and services. The focus needs to remain on the customers, atmosphere and the product quality; not so much on the computer systems and the technology trends. 2.2 Marketing Strategies Marketing† comes from the Latin word merx or mercis meaning merchandise. Originally a market was a large open space where merchandise was displayed for sale, like pictures we’ve seen of large open marketplaces in Third World countries, or today’s farmer’s market. Originally, â€Å"marketing† involved selling products in a marketplace. And that is still the core meaning. But professional marketing has evolved to such a high degree of sophistication, like computer science and medicine, that it involves much more than just selling in a marketplace. A strategy is a long-term plan to achieve certain objectives. A  marketing strategy is therefore a  marketing plan  designed to achieve marketing objectives. For example, marketing objective may relate to becoming the market leader by delighting customers. The strategic plan therefore is the detailed planning involving marketing research, and then developing a  marketing mix  to delight customers. Every organization needs to have clear  marketing objectives, and the major route to achieving organizational goals will depend on strategy. It is important, therefore, to be clear about the difference between strategy and tactics. For this purpose we some matrix which are as under: Product Opportunity Matrix Product Life Cycle BCG Matrix 2.2.1 Product Opportunity Matrix The product/market opportunity matrix identifies four alternative marketing strategies that may be used to maintain and/or increase sales of business units and products: market penetration, market development, product development, and diversification.   Source:   Problogger Energy drink is a new concept introduced in our market and since our competition is domestic instead of international, our major competitors include Red Bull, Bomba, Bull Power and other energy drinks that have their lead in the market. Xtreme already has its juices and mineral water running successfully, and seeks to develop this new product targeting the existing market segments of the energy drinks at an introductory price, which is not only cheap but also affordable by all. 2.2.2 BCG Matrix The BCG Matrix is a portfolio planning modal which was developed by Bruce Henderson of Boston Consulting group in early 1070,s. It is based on market growth and market share relative to the largest market competitors. It is a simple tool to access company’s position in respect of its product range and help the company to decide what should they keep, what should they leave and further help them to set their priorities that which product within the company’s product list to give more funded and attention There are four main components of BCG Matrix which we going to explain further. Source:   BGN Entrepreneur Question mark in which extreme falls is associated with less market share and high market growth. This suggests that they have potential but may require heavy investment. It is growing very quickly and because of this, consume large amount of cash as they have low market share so they cannot generate much cash. A question Mark (also known as Problem Child) has the potential to get market share   and become a star and eventually a cash cow, when the market growth slows, if a question mark doesn’t succeed to become a star, then after might be a year of cash consumption it will degenerate into a dog when the market growth decline. It is very important to analyze the question carefully whether they have the worth to investment required to grow market share. Xtreme is a business unit having a small market share in a high growth market. We would therefore require resources to grow market share. This is because our initial market share consists of our juices and mineral water. 2.2.3 Product Life Cycle A new product progress through a sequence of stage s from introduction to growth maturity and decline. This sequence is known as Product life cycle and is associated with the changes in the market situation                                       Source:   Quick MBA Basically, Xtreme energy drink is in the introduction stage of the product life cycle. Its launch date is 12th of September’11. 2.3 TARGET MARKET 2.3.1Who is our consumers? The first step in target marketing process is segmentation. We segmented the market aged between 17-35 years because in this segment, we came to know that consumers specially young adults aged 18-23 are increasingly facing too many options to choose from, like Red Bull, Caution, Blue OX, Gatorade etc. 2.3.2Target marketing We have selected a target segment rather than the entire market. 2.3.3 Market Segmentation Market segmentation proves beneficial if it is done correctly. A straight forward approach to segmenting, targeting and reaching a market involves five steps: Form prospective buyers into segments by characteristics. Form products to be sold into groups. Estimate the size of the markets. Select target markets. Take marketing actions to reach the target markets. In segmenting Xtreme’s market, age, outlet type, density, income and life style are all useful characteristics for market segmentation. Age can be divided into various parts such as 16-24 (college students athletes) and 25-35 (professional athletes). Density segmentation can follow urban and suburban localities. Lastly, lifestyle can by separated into health conscious consumers and those who are not. Obviously, Multan market is quite large, so selecting target markets would be ideal. We feel that age, lifestyle and outlet type are three niche segments that Xtreme should focus on in Multan to gain sales. I think that focusing on caffeine drinkers (approximately ages 18+), in general, would be a wise decision because Xtreme can be a substitute drink for caffeine beverages like coffee. We also think that focusing more specifically on college students and athletes as well as professionals, aged 15-35, and would benefit from Xtreme tremendously because these two segments are the company’s main consumers. After all, some of the main benefits of Xtreme are to help improve physical endurance, concentration, reaction speed and increase mental alertness. Also, focusing on health conscious consumers would account for people who are concerned 2.4 GAP ANALYSIS GAP analysis is a tool which companies are used to check their self that where they are and where they want to go in future. The Mian Beverage Company Pvt Ltd carried out a survey and found that the people we should be targeting are from the middle class and the upper middle class, who have a household income of Rs.40000 and above. In Pakistan it has been noted that the majority of energy drink consumers which comprises mostly of men continuously change brand, so thus there is no brand loyalty for energy drinks in Pakistan. And as energy drinks are new to Pakistan, the market share for any specific brand is not determined as yet. On doing a survey we concluded by the results that the majority target market is willing to pay Rs.31 to Rs.60 for a good nourishing and good tasting energy drink. In the market we have seen that there are two kinds of energy drinks targeting the market extremes. At one side there is Energile, Glucose D, Habib Insta energy etc and at the other side there is Red Bull, Horse Power, Bomba etc. The market segment, which we are targeting, comprises mainly of people who have a busy life style and need to keep energized to get through the tough day. So therefore they need something, which provides them with energy throughout the day. There are some imported drinks in the market, but they are expensive as they are imported. 2.5 Competitors: The energy drink industry is still in its birth stage in Pakistan and is highly disorganized and fragmented. There are no large-scale competitors present and only a few international players exist in the markets that sell their products via very upscale retail outlets catering to the very elite of our society. Technically, at the moment, there is no pioneer in the Pakistani markets. However, the product will face a high level of competition from these international players that are increasing their supply of the product in the market day by day. Many new soft and energy drinks have been developed in recent years, worldwide, offering consumers a multitude of more interesting and unusual alternatives to standard soft drinks and alcoholic beverages. The Pakistani markets are experiencing a change in trend towards drinks that aid some type of lifestyle activity, the best example being energy drinks, such as Red Bull. Excluding Pakistan from the list, there are many countries in which energy drinks have become associated with young people who frequent the clubbing scene.Pre-mixed and flavored energy drinks tend to appeal to consumers aged between 17 and 34 years old. To meet the demands of these consumers, new energy drinks are coming up every day in the Pakistani markets. Furthermore, one of the recent launches of these kinds of drinks in Pakistan includes Iced tea by Nestle. Our most notable competitors in the market are: Red Bull energy drink. Sting energy drink.   Boster energy drink. Powerful energy drink.   EMU energy drink. Although the firm will be facing a tough competition with these international companies, but still it would do much better sales then these firms. That is because we will open up our very own retail outlets and the availability rate of our product is going to be much higher then the rate of these international energy drinks. Besides this, price 2.6 Price: *These are the prices currently offered by our competitors in Pakistan. Competitors (Rs.) RedBull 145 Sting 130 Boster 65 Powerful 75 EMU 65   *These are the prices we are offering with the various flavours of Xtreme, Flavours Can (Rs.) Xtreme Live Wire (Lime) 275 ml 55 Xtreme Punch (Fruit Punch) 275 ml 55 Xtreme Hot Rod (Black Current) 275 ml 55 Xtreme Blast (Orange) 275 ml 55 Chapter 3 Research Methodology Once the author is done with a great discussion about the literature related to the topic of this current research, the next job as per the structure defined at the beginning is to describe the research methodology. The importance of the research methodology chapter in any kind of research cannot be ignored as it is the actual chapter in which the actual research is going to be done to gain the information and data so that the research can be carried out successfully. All the sciences have their own procedures and rules on which they are based to prove their validity. The scientists of any science carryout experiences to evaluate the truth of knowledge got from their observations, experiences and area of study. Same as other scientists of other sciences business analysts also carry out their research and present their research and findings. This research could be useful because this research could be an attempt to move from a specific point to general to make boarder form with the st rategic objectives of the companies. When these peoples work according to their set plans and objectives, then the procedure according to which they take on their activity is called methodology. In research method, Simpson (1954) defined is Methodology is that organized packet of principles devised to elicit or obtain information about certain areas of study.   He furthers says that with known methodology one can work in an organized way. In every field of study certain methodology is available which is a guideline for researches to work on specified directions to achieve their goals. Other authors explains the methodology chapter as a principle which help the author to evaluate the subject topic through collecting data and information related to the topic which is then analyzed for the results. (Ronald Leroy Burback. 2008) In every research, the author utilizes the data of two different kinds, therefore, primary data and secondary data. The research methodology has been defined as a chapter in which the overall layout of the research is defined and the author can then follow this structure to compete the research processes. Market research provides businesses with information about their customers, their competitors, and their overall industry. It is commonly used to identify marketing problems and opportunities, as well as to develop and evaluate the effectiveness of marketing strategies. Small  business  owners, because of their usually limited financial resources, have a particular need for adequate, accurate, and current information to aid them in making decisions. Although market research can be costly and it is often even more expensive when we make decisions based on bad and inadequate information. 3.1 Overview of the Research Methods The importance of the research methodology chapter in any kind of research cannot be ignored as it is the actual chapter in which the actual research is going to be done to gain the information and data so that the research can be carried out successfully. The research methodology has been defined as a chapter in which the overall layout of the research is defined and the author can then follow this structure to compete the research processes. In this research study the author is going to adopt the research of both kinds therefore, Primary and secondary. And the in order to collect primary data, the author is going to use the use primary technique that is known as questionnaire in which he is going to ask the respondents about different related questions so that the information related to the topic can be acquired. 3.1.1 Positivism Positivist is an important research approach within the information systems discipline. The basic principle of positivism is that all factual knowledge is based on the positive information gained from observable experiences and that any idea beyond this dominion of demonstrate able fact are metaphysical. Only analytic statements are allowed to be known as true through reason alone. Thus Roses are flowers is analytic, whilst Roses are fragrant is synthetic and requires evidence. The six tenets of Positivism are: Naturism  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   2. Phenomenalism  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   3. Nominalism 4. Atomism  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   5. Scientific laws  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   6. Facts and values According to Bradman et al, (1998) the positivism philosophy uses more primary research methods in which questionnaires, interviews and surveys can be utilized as research techniques to make sure the data is collected in quantitative form. 3.1.2 Realism Realism is a research method and its philosophy is measured as an approach in which considered only those things exist in the nature, which can be seen, felt and remaining things are excluded from the reality. So the author believes that this thinking move him toward an approach in which reality are reviewed and analyze through scientific methods. 3.1.3 Interpretive Interpretive studies assume that people create and associate their own subjective and inter subjective meanings as they interact with the world around them.   Interpretive researchers thus attempt to understand phenomena through accessing the meanings participants assign to them’ The interpretive research approach towards the relationship between theory and practice is that the researcher can never assume a value-neutral stance, and is always implicated in the phenomena being studied. There are certain situations and cases of studies where there are factors and realities are available however, there are no proper proof available thus requires more interpretation from the author so that hypothesis and theories can be tested through natural realities. In such cases, the authors prefer to use the interpretive philosophy because it is best suited. Using interpretive techniques or philosophy the phenomenon between the social factors and the realities is created which is then justified through the data which is collected with the use of qualitative methods. One the author has examined all the research philosophies, the next step for the author is very critical in which the author has to choose the right philosophy for the research. The selection is made on the grounds of the objectives and aims of the research therefore he has decided to choose Positivism Approach for the current research. 3.2 Research Methods:  Ã‚  Ã‚   The information gathered from market research can be divided into two categories. The first type is primary information and in order to collect the primary data the author is normally use questionnaires technique in which he asked to the respondents about different related questions so that he gets information about his proposal. The some other methods to collect Primary data are direct mails, telemarketing and personal interviews. The second type is secondary information. Secondary research occur when a project requires a summery or collection of existing data. These secondary sources could be include Previous research reports , newspapers, magazines, journals, and Government or NGO statistics. This research will look for both Secondary and primary data. The source of primary data would remain the interviews and question papers. The primary data further divided in two types i.e. Qualitative and Quantitative. 3.2.1 Qualitative: Qualitative data is extremely varied in nature. It includes virtually any information that can be captured that is not numerical in nature This method is used to exploring issues , understanding phenomena   through the analysis of understructure information like interviews , open end survey , emails , notes , feedback forms and this information can be used to make business decisions and form a policies. 3.2.2 Quantitative: Quantitative research is about asking people for their opinions in a structured way so that you can produce hard facts and statistics to guide you. Our company will go for both researches primary as well as secondary. Furthermore, the study would be mostly inclined towards the qualitative research. However, the interviews would be mainly via telephone, Skype, Feedback form, questionnaires and email. Quite understandably, considering the limited population the sample would be selected based on convenience and snowball sampling (William, 2009).   3.2.3 Comparison of Qualitative and Quantitative research methods Qualitative Quantitative All research ultimately has a qualitative grounding Theres no such thing as qualitative data. Everything is either 1 or 0 The aim is a complete, detailed description. The aim is to classify features, count them, and construct statistical models in an attempt to explain what is observed. Researcher may only know roughly in advance what he/she is looking for. Researcher knows clearly in advance what he/she is looking for. Recommended during earlier phases of research projects. Recommended during latter phases of research projects. The design emerges as the study unfolds. All aspects of the study are carefully designed before data is collected. Researcher is the data gathering instrument. Researcher uses tools, such as questionnaires or equipment to collect numerical data. Data is in the form of words, pictures or objects. Data is in the form of numbers and statistics. Subjective individualsï ¿ ½ interpretation of events is important ,e.g., uses participant observation, in-depth interviews etc. Objective ï ¿ ½ seeks precise measurement analysis of target concepts, e.g., uses surveys, questionnaires etc. Qualitative data is more rich, time consuming, and less able to be generalized. Quantitative data is more efficient, able to test hypotheses, but may miss contextual detail. Researcher tends to become subjectively immersed in the subject matter. Researcher tends to remain objectively separated from the subject matter. 3.3 Exploratory Research There are differences cases and different kinds of the researches. Each research has a different principals and requirements. Exploratory research is conducted to clarify ambiguous problems. Management may have discovered general problems, but research is needed to gain better understanding of the dimensions of the problems. Exploratory research is conducted into an issue or problem where there are few or no earlier studies to refer to. The main objectives of exploratory research are as follow. To establish, a classification of marketing research projects into two main categories: exploratory research and conclusive research. To describe the proper use of focus groups in exploratory research and to clarify their limitations. To describe the case study method, its uses and its limitations. Sometime the data is   not available to the required amount even primary research does not provide a sufficient data. 3.4 Descriptive Research Descriptive research is mostly based on the behavioural studies and attitudinal studies because the information and knowledge can be formatted in descriptive format. For the descriptive research methods, the author normally adopt primary research methods, therefore, surveys, interviews and different kinds of observations which help the author to collect behavioural information about the topic of the study from the respondents. 3.5 Casual Research In order to find out the differences between the causes and effects, the authors are recommended to use causal research methods. (Kotler et al, 2006) This research is also known as experimental design through which the experiments done in different libraries are examined through different methods. There are different variables involved in the research which are examined and those variables can be independent or dependent and their natural relationship is also determined through causal research. In the following table, the author has mentioned the differences between the two approaches; Deductive approach Inductive approach Begins with theory and move to hypothesis followed by focus on research objectives. Starts with close understanding of research Uses quantitative approach to research Associates with qualitative approach to generate theory Promotes idea of experimentation to test hypothesis Generates new theory for research emphasis Source: Saunders M, P. Lewis et al (2007) 3.6 Data Collection: It is the most important part of the research where author has be very careful in selecting the right method for his research. The cost, Duration and results can be changed due to the difference of data collection. 3.6.1 Primary Data Collection The first part of the data collection is a primary method but it is very expensive and time consuming because in which data is directly collected from respondents. The advantage of this method is that it focus on the specific issue while in secondary data may contains details which is not necessary for your research. 3.6.2 Secondary Data Collection As compare with Primary data , this is very easier and less costly. Through secondary data collection method information is collected indirectly and is available to the author through different means. The data which we get is more reliable because this information has already been used by some other. Researchers. 3.6.3 Questionnaires It is a method to get the primary data and used when author wants to get the response from many respondents and author used this method where the data can be compress into small format for easy analysis. There are two types of questions. One has open ended question and respondents has the option to add something as his/her views and the other type is close ended question which has some specific choices. 3.7 Justification of the Research Application The questionnaires method has been used in order to get the information for this research and as per the requirement of the topic this is the best method which author can be used for his study. The reason, why author used this method is that the information got through this method is quality of information. The author is provide the questionnaires to those people who are between the age of 16 to 35 and respond from them is more reliable as all the respondents are the people related to this research. 3.8 Limitation of Research In every research there are always some limitations which are difficult to remove from the research. If the author is well aware about these limitations then author can at least take precautionary steps in order to reduce their negative impact on the results of overall research. Sample size can play a vital role in a manner that if author is able to control the sample size without affecting over all research results. Chapter 4 Summary of the Response Details This part of the project is based on to collect the data and then analyse it after convert it into tabular form and graphical representations. The data collection through questionnaires cannot be neglected because we collected this information through a most reliable source which is questionnaires and it is very important to conduct a survey.   The sample size is 30 to whom Author given questionnaires and asked them to fill it and all of them filled their questionnaires and returned to the Author. It was also assured to them that their personal information will be kept confidential under data protection act. 4.1 Age Distribution. 16 25 26 35 Over 35 14 13 3 4.2 Gender Distributions. Male Female Unspecified 21 9 0    4.3 Change of Taste. Yes Probably Probably Not No 16 7 2 5       4.4   Brand Consciousnesses. Yes No 10 20    4.5   Boost of Energy. Strongly Agree Agree Dont Know Disagree Strongly Disagree 8 12 5 4 1      4.6 Energy Drink is harmful for health. Strongly Agree Agree Dont Know Disagree Strongly Disagree 3 10 15 1 1 4.7 Affordability of Price. 15 30 31 60 61 90 91 120 9 14 5 2 4.8. Reason to buy a new Energy Drink. Brand Price Packing Availability 10 6 8 6 4.9   Use of Caffine is addictive. Strongly Agree    Dont Know Disagree Strongly Disagree 5 16 6 3 0 4.10 Purchase of new energy drink Yes Probably Probably Not No 13 12 3 2 4.11 Interest to buy the Xtreme. Very Interested interested Neutral Uninterested Very uninterested 7 10 9 2 2 4.12. Alternative Energy drinks. Red Bull Sting Booster Power Plus 11 8 5 5 4.13 If this product were available today, when would you be most likely to buy it? Within next month    Between   1 and 3 Months from now    Between   4 and 6 Months from now    Between   7 and   a year from now    I am not interested    15 7 3 1 4   Ã‚   Chapter 5 Data Analysis   In project research when we completed the data collection then the next step towards the project completion is data analysis. The organizational strategy and mindset linked associated with its approach to gain the more profit and good reputation of the company. For the this purpose different organization use different kind of methods and techniques like Competitive price, availability, right product to the right place etc. in order to check the Author’s hypothesis weather the data collection and response from different kind of people is in favor of Author or not Author must analyze the data received. 5.1   Age + Gender Distribution The above calculated results show that among the participants 60% are men and 40% are women who took part within this survey. Author received the response from the different age groups but the major response received from 16 to 35 and according to them male percentage is very high. The respondents have been divided according to their age groups. The collected results are quite understandable those tells that most of the participants belong to the age group of ‘20-30’, 10% belong to ‘Under 20’, 20% belong to ‘31-40’, 105 belong to ‘41-50’, 10% belong to ‘51-60’ and another 10% belong to ‘Over 60’. The results tell that most of the participants who participated in this survey are from the age group of ‘20-30’. 5.2 Change of Taste + Brand Consciousness It is a general perception that company brand and name plays a vital role in order to sale any product but Author’s response which he got different people of different age group is quite opposite from above stated because 67% people told that they are not brand conscious and if they get taste and good price from some non famous company they do not hesitate to buy a new product and among them 77% people shows their intentions that they are ready to change their taste. 43% people are ready to purchase a new energy drink and 40% told probably and it is also a positive sign for the author. 5.3 Boost of Energy + Harmful for Health Energy drinks are the most cheap and affordable way to boosts the energy and it is also proved through the response which Author received from data collection that 67% people endorse the statement that energy drink is most affordable way to increase the energy but on the other hand there is a continuous research ongoing that Energy drink is really harmful for health but there is still some diversion on that opinion that weather massive use of Energy drink is harmful or moderate use is also harmful. 43% people are agreeing with the above stated statement but on the other hand Author also got the response from 50% people they don’t know about this. This is a positive sign but there is a possible loss on profit if in upcoming days people get more aware and become health conscious. 5.4 Use of Caffine is addictive The above results clearly shows that 70% respondent agree with the statement that high use of cafine is really addictive, 20% don’t know about it and only 10 % disagree with this statement. In every Energy drink caffine is used but its quantity is bit high rather than Tea and coffee and there is a discussion in the world that is caffine is addictive or not and 70% people think that yes. It is also very alarming for the author. 5.5 Affordability of Price + Reason to buy New Drink The affordability of price and availability of the product is an important part of any business when there are already some product of the same kind exist and 47% people respond to the that both these things will encourage them to buy a new product and 77% people shows their price range below Rs:60 so it will defiantly help Author to decide their price of the product. 5.6 Interest to buy Xtreme + Competitors As Author knows that already there are different brands in the same market so Author must know that who is the most competitive competitor of his product and response from the populations showed that Red bull (37%) and Sting (27%) are the major competitors. If a company wants to launch a new product then it must know whether people are interested to buy your product or not. Author received the response from 57% people that they are ready to purchase new product and 50% people showed their interest to buy within next month if there is the availability of the product. Chapter 6 Conclusion In the previous chapter the results which Author got were analyzed and discussed comprehensively. In the current chapter the complete study process and findings and then we get the conclusion of this research. The main purpose of this research is to wrap those factors which have still not be discussed and mistreated. Environmental analysis is very important before launching a new product in the market. In the process of analyze environmental factors SWOT and PEST Analysis plays an important role and this analysis can be applied successfully for the efficiency and productivity of the company. Marketing Strategies are also have a vital role in order to place a new product in the market because today is age of marketing and every company use different marketing strategies but for this purpose every company must know that under which strategies where is its position. Product opportunity matrix, BCG matrix and Product life cycle are very important strategies which give you a clear picture that where is you now and how to step ahead towards success. Target marketing is a also very important aspect of this research and this segment of research helps the Author about to apply right marketing tools to the write people and right place. As this is the Energy Drink so people age 16 to 25 are the best customers which company must approach so market segmentation is very important in order to launch a new product. References Answers, 2011.Marketing Research.[Online] available at answers.com/topic/marketing-research[ Accessed at 6 June 2011] Asiamarketresearch,2011. Secondary Research . [Online] available at asiamarketresearch.com/glossary/secondary-research.htm [Accessed at 6 June 2011] Blurtit, 2011. Advantages and Disadvantages of Primary Data Collection [Online] available at blurtit.com/q130762.html accessed at 25 June 2011. Galttech,2011. Energy Drinks.[Online] available at galttech.com/research/health/energy-drinks.php [Accessed at 6 June 2011] mnmk.ro/documents/2011/12_DovleacLavinia%20FFF.pdf Maxi-Pedia, 2011. BCG Matrix Modal. [Online] available at maxi-pedia.com/BCG+matrix+model [Accessed at 6 June 11] Researchwikis,2011.Energy Drink Market.[Online] available at http://researchwikis.com/Energy_Drinks_Market [Accessed at 6 June 11] Samcarrara,2011. Product Life Cycle Overview. [Online] available at samcarrara.com/marketing/product-life-cycle-overview/ [Accessed at 6 June 11] Streetdirectory,2011. Launch a beverage or energy drink.[online]available atstreetdirectory.com/food_editorials/beverages/beverages/launch_a_beverage_or_energy_drink.html [Accessed at 6 June 2011 Submityourarticle, 2011.Energy-drink-16701.[Online] available at submityourarticle.com/articles/Jorge-Olson-1174/Energy-drink-16701.php[Accessed at 6 June 2011] The Creativepool, 2011. Brand Manager Job Description [Online] available at creativepool.co.uk/content.php?url=employee/brand-manager-job-description.php accessed at 4 July 2011. The Times 100, 2011. Marketing Strategy [Online] available at thetimes100.co.uk/theory/theorymarketing-strategy244.php[ Accessed at 6 June 2011]. Wilderdom,2011. Qualitative Versus Quantitative Research [Online] available at http://wilderdom.com/research/QualitativeVersusQuantitativeResearch.html [Accessed at 6 June 2011] William, W.   (2009). Research Methods in Education. New Delhi, Pearson Education India, pp. 254-256 creativepool.co.uk/content.php?url=employee/marketing-manager-job-description.php http://changingminds.org/explanations/research/philosophies/positivism.htm citeman.com/4179-exploratory-research/ mbaknol.com/research-methodology/exploratory-research-and-its-methods/

The Most Significant Political Development Essay

The Most Significant Political Development - Essay Example This essay stresses that the issue of civil wars has ailed the international states for quite a very long time. The civil wars emanate from several causes. Some of these causes are preventable. However, a number of the sources f such civil wars are indefinite. This follows that the major forces behind such causes of the civil wars may be unable to clearly define what their interests are. Instead, they conduct such criminal activities with the aim of getting international. Several criminal groupings have ailed most governments in the world for instance Al Qaeda and Taliban. This paper makes a conclusion that the wars in Syria have also incorporated massive use of chemical weapons that have led to the deaths of a large number of individuals. This has massively affected the foreign policy of the United States of America. It is in order to note that the foreign policy of the United States is always based on peace to the uttermost end. In this perspective, the United States always champion the use of peace in solving any international dispute, was as well as conflicts. However, in situations where the use of peace is unsuccessful, the United State always employ other means. The civil wars experienced in Syria, being a threat to the United States foreign policy, may likely lead to a change in the United States foreign policy in several ways. These threats can make the United States resort to other means that function in a slightly different manner to sole he conflicts.

Pen Pal Letter about Ballet Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Pen Pal Letter about Ballet - Essay Example However, during the reign of King Louis XIV is when Ballet made positive progress in French culture. The king always invited Ballet dancers to perform to him whenever he had a function not to forget the King himself performed ballet alongside with noblepersons. The contribution made by King Louis XIV towards development of ballet cannot be underestimated especially by him, establishing the first world’s ballet school (Academie Royale de danse currently known as Paris Opera) and was thus renamed as â€Å"The Sun King†. You might be wondering how King Louis XIV performed exemplary in Ballet dance. The person behind this is none other than Pierre Beauchamp, the guy behind the famous principle that each leg must be â€Å"turned-out†. Another question is how this type of dance found its way to Russia. The credit goes to two Frenchmen called Marius Petipa and Lev Ivanov who was his assistant who traveled to Russia back in the early 1840s and produced more than sixty ba llets. They choreographed three famous ballets namely; Nutcracker, Swan Lake, and Sleeping Beauty. Vaganova method- This method of ballet was developed by Agrippina Vaganova to train dancers on classical ballet. It integrates the romantic style of French ballet with dramatic soulfulness of the Russian character. Her contribution towards ballet made her famous dancers in the dancing history as well as being appointed as the director of Imperial Ballet School in Saints Petersberg. Vaganova method is regarded to be clean having precise moves.

Evolution of the Ipod Essay Example for Free

Evolution of the Ipod Essay Personalized music took a big leap towards what we call the Ipod generation today , way back in 1979 when Sony introduced its audio cassette player Walkman. When we see the original Walkman today it does seem outdated and for many a piece of junk. But 30 years back it was a breakthrough in terms of technological advancement and an instant sensation worldwide which continued for decades. WALKMAN: Walkman is a portable audio cassette player which introduced a change in listening habits and providing people an opportunity to listen to the music of their own choice, which seemed a distant dream before its inception when transistor radios were the only option for the masses. Origin and History: The first original Walkman was launched by Sony that went on sale on 1st July 1979, in Japan. It was launched subsequently under different names in many countries for instance, In US it was launched under the name Soundabout . In Sweden it was launched under the name Freestyle.. In UK it was launched under the name Stowaway. The device was built in 1978, by an audio division engineer Nobotushi Kihara who worked for Sony. Sony’s co-chairman Morita who wanted to listen operas during his frequent plane trips requested for such a device and therefore Nobotushi came up with the Walkman. Although Morita hated the name Walkman and insisted on changing it , but accepted later on when junior executives told him that a campaign had been started and changing the name now would cost the company dearly. (Sony History) Cassette-based Walkman: The first and original Walkman was a blue and silver cassette-based model TPS-L2. It came with one set of headphones and had limited features of play, stop and forward with no record function. In 1984, Sony presented its memorable model Walkman Professional WM-D6C. It was comparable in audio quality with most non-portable audio cassette decks.. Among the standard play,stop functions it also introduced the record function which made it famous. Later on, Toshiba’s Walky , Aiwa’s Cassette Boy and Panasonic’s Stereo-To-Go were giving stiff competition to the Walkman. Therefore in 1989, Sony launched its famous and unique playback only model WM-DD9, this model attracted a niche following with hardcore Walkman fans making it a must in their collection. It featured auto-reverse and had improved power consumption requiring only 1 AA battery with optional AC adapter input. Moreover it had superior sound quality as compared to its predecessors. Although the cassette based walkman had started losing its appeal probably due to increasing competition from Sanyo and emergence of CDs as a better storage medium in all respects, Sony still kept launching new models every 5 years uptill 2000, these models not only continued to represent features of previous models but also had some new ones of their own for intance, WM-701S which also came out in 1989 was more user-friendly as it came with a remote control and slim silver plated body. After which cassettes had reached technological obsolence and any future production of cassette-based models had to be stopped. (Sony Design- 1980s) PORTABLE CD PLAYERS: Portable CD players took personalized music to a further new level from portable cassette players. These players used audio CDs instead of cassettes , not only CDs were lighter than cassettes but they could store considerably more than multiple cassettes could or could record in a much better audio format which would give a superior sound quality than cassettes. History: CDs as a storage medium were introduced in the early 1980s. Once again Sony created history in 1984 when it launched its CD-based Walkman (which was a first of its kind portable CD player) D-50. Although it was also known as D-5 in some markets but its official name was Discman. Discman was considered a marvel , its size was just a little more than that of a CD case which made it very handy. Moreover it had additional features and better sound quality as compared cassette-based walkman but still they managed to gain momentum till the late 1980s because CDs were quite expensive prior to that and CD players didn’t had anti-shake protection feature which caused CDs to damage since they were delicate. (Discman) Evolution of CD Players: Portable CD players had the basic features of a cassette player besides that it also had some new features for instance hold, toggle in later versions and portable CD players in the present age are capable of supporting numerous audio formats as well . In the mid-nineties these players also featured a LCD display also. Since Sony was continuing to face increasing competition from Panasonic in the late 1980s, it improved its own design of Discman and came up with a new model D121 which had additional features from its predecessors. The competition is still ongoing with Sony, Panasonic, JVC, Bose, Coby etc. coming up with new portable cd players after every few months. Although Ipods are the in thing these days but still portable cd players continue to survive probably because CDs haven’t gone into obsolence like cassettes did. However they don’t enjoy the same popularity they did in late 1980s and mid 90s. MINI-DISC PLAYERS: Mini disc was a magneto-optical disc. It could store upto 80 minutes of digitized audio almost that of CD quality. Mini-disc players were capable of playing these storage media. The reason MD was launched was because they had the anti-skip feature which prevented disc-skipping even under the most extreme conditions and was unlike CDs which used to skip on the slightest of vibration and shocks and used to annoy users. History: Sony launched its first MD Player in 1992 named MZ1 along with the Mini-disc itself. However many other companies for instance JVC, Sharp, Pioneer and Panasonic launched their respective mini-disc players as well. MD Players were initially launched as an alternative to Philips analogue cassette system which was quite popular at that time. Moreover till the mid-nineties MD players were popular in Japan and Asia but largely unknown elsewhere. (Music on the move: Minidisc) Evolution of the Mini-disc and the Mini-disc player: nitially when Sony introduced the Mini-disc it was based on ATRAC audio data compression but later it was based on linear PCM inorder to give CD quality audio. Although MD Walkmans when launched by Sony were multi-featured i. e. they could play and record on MDs from both digital and analogue sources for example, live audio from their microphone inputs ; but were somewhat large and couldn’t be placed in a pocket. Therefore, Sony released a new model MZ-R2 which was quite compact. MD Walkmans gradually improved over the years for instance, when MDLP(Mini-disc Long Play) was introduced in MDs in 2000 which allowed MDs to record 4 times of what they initially could MD Players were enabled with this feature and many in the following years for example, Net MD, Hi MD. (Sony MZ RH1) MP3 PLAYERS: MP3 players are also technically known as Digital Audio Players. It is a device that stores, organizes and plays audio files. MP3 players were a breakthrough in their own right since they didn’t require CDs or cassettes to be inserted into them , common features of an MP3 player were a flash memory drive or a miniature hard drive, an embedded processor and an audio codec microchip which would convert digitally compressed sound into analogue form which was then played through the speaker jack. The user can store hundreds of songs on the flash memory drive/mini hard drive. History: The first MP3 player came from a Korean company SaeHan Information Systems which in collaboration with Eiger Labs US launched in 1998 the first solid state digital audio player named MPMan . It featured 32 Mb of RAM which could hold 8 average length of tracks( i. e. 32 minutes of music). (World’s 1st MP3 Player) The same year Diamond Multimedia lauched its version of MPMan named Rio PMP300. However its sales were better than expected initially but later had a fall from grace probably due to lawsuits. (Collecting MP3 Portables) In 1999, Compaq developed the first hard-drive based mp3 player in collaboration with HanGo Electronics and named it PJB-100(Personal Jukebox). The player had a capacity of 4. 8 GB and it was extensively advertised that it could hold 1200 songs! (Net Audio) Evolution Of MP3 Players: Initially MP3 players supported only the . mp3 format but in the following years MP3 players started supporting multiple formats for example , AAC, WMA, WAV, Ogg Vorbis. Flash-based MP3 players: These are solid state devices that store audio files on internal flash memory. Initially internal memory of these players was in a few MBs and users couldn’t store any more than on a CD but soon makers got notice of this and today we see internal memory in GBs which is capable of holding hundreds of songs. (World ‘s 1st 32 GB Flash based PMP) Similarly, internal memory couldn’t be extended by users however in a couple of years removable flash memory was made available better known as memory cards. Moreover with the passage of time , these players became more resilient and required less power consumption as compared to portable CD player or a hard-drive based mp3 player. Hard-drive based Players: These devices are also known as Digital Jukeboxes. Initially their capacity was 4-5 GB but these days players are available with capacity upto 250 GB. This loosely means that thousands of songa could be stored on a single player. (Wolverine ESP 250 GB) MP3 CD Players: With the growth in popularity of MP3 players and mp3 format itself . Many portable CD players started supporting playback for CDs which had MP3 files stored on them. iPOD REVOLUTION: iPod is a popular brand of portable media players which are designed by Apple Inc. Apple has produced a number of models over years iPod Classic, iPod Nano to name a few. iPods have become a sensation for this generation and seems to be for the following ones too just like Walkman was in the 1980s. As per stats upto September 2008, 173 million iPods have been sold worldwide which has made it the best selling portable music player ever. History: In early 2000, Apple had started making software for the growing market of digital audio players. The company found that the MP3 players were either too big (those that were hard-drive based) or too small (those that were flash-drive based) and had mediocre user-interfaces. Apple’s CEO Steve Jobs took the initiative, he decided that Apple would make their own PMPs(personal music players). Therefore Apple’s hardware engineering head Jon Rubinstein assembled a team including hardware engineers Tony Fadell and Michael Dhuey and a design engineer Jon Ive, however Apple didn’t make the product completely on in-house instead they used Portal Player( a semi-conductor company) platform based on 2 ARM cores. Nevertheless the product within an year and was unveiled on 23rd October 2001, it was a Mac-compatible product with 5 Gb hard-drive and could hold upto 1000 songs. The name iPod was suggested by Vinnie Chieco a freelance copy-writer. iPod Models: iPod Classic: It was the iPod that was launched originally. Uptill now six generations have been produced of this model and is the only model that is hard-drive based. iPod Mini: Its first generation was launched in 2004. However it was discontinued after its 2nd generation. Its storage medium was based on mini hard-drive. iPod Shuffle: iPod Shuffle was first introduced in January 2005. Due to it smaller size and sleeker look it became an instant hit. Its flash-drive based PMP. Uptill now 2 generations have been produced of this model. iPod Nano: iPod Nano was also a flash-drive based model. It was also launched the same year Shuffle was launched . What separated Nano from Shuffle was its greater storage capacity and coloured display. iPod Touch: It is the latest in the iPod family and was launched in 2007. It was also a flash drive based model similar to Nano and Shuffle . But Touch is way ahead of all of its predecessors. It was the first iPod with Wi-Fii and Multitouch interface. Moreover it featured the Safari browser and wireless access to iTunes Stores and YouTube. (Identifying Ipods) Software: Initially when Apple introduced its iTunes software it was only compatible with Mac OS but later on Apple a Windows version of it as well. iPod first generation models although various audio formats, image formats and video formats but only worked with Mac-OS. However when Apple launched its second generation models the software within those models was compatible with MS Windows. Apple developed alternatives for various formats which were previously not supported by it for example, Microsoft’s WMA audio format was not supported earlier so they provided a converter along with their Windows version of iTunes. Adding further open source formats like Ogg Vorbis, FLAC were previously not supported however these formats can be played now on installing a firmware onto the iPod for example, Rockbox User-Interface: All iPods have colour displays which incorporates anti-aliased graphics and text with sliding animations. Moreover except iPod shuffle and iPod Touch all other iPods have 5 buttons and second generation onwards buttons have been integrated on the click wheel. Click-wheel is an innovation that brings refineness and clarity to the interface. The buttons given perform the basic play,stop etc. functions as for scrolling the click-wheel is used in a rotational manner. In its later models Apple made some changes for instance, iPod Touch doesn’t have a click wheel instead it has a 3. 5 inch touchscreen and in addition to it a home button , a sleep/wake button and volume up/down button. Hardware: A typical iPod comprises of the following chipset and electronics: Microcontroller Audio Chip Storage Medium Batteries Different iPods have used different microcontrollers along their different generations for example, iPod Nano used a variable-speed ARM in its first generation model however it has continued to use Samsung System-On Chip second generation onwards. iPod Classic has a hard-drive based storage medium and has been since first generation however the capacity has increased considerably i. e. from 10 GB in its first generation model to 160 GB in its sixth generation model. Similarly, iPod Mini was based on the Mini Hard-drive however Apple discontinued it after its 2nd generation model. Moving on iPod Nano, Shuffle and Touch are flash-drive based and there capacity has also increased considerably with newer models. Connectivity: Originally Apple used a Firewire connection was used to the host computer and for charging battery. Third generation onwards, Apple allowed both Firewire and USB connectivity. This allowed for better compatibility with PCs. Therefore 5th generation onwards Apple dropped Firewire for data transfer and made complete transition to USB 2. 0 in an attempt to reduce cost . CONCLUSION: From Walkman to iPod people have seen a great advancements in personal music players. Walkman ruled 1980s which continued till the mid-nineties. However , after that advancements were made very speedily and we saw MD players, MP3 players and finally the iPod in 2001. iPod completely redefined infact revolutionised portable entertainment. Infact in these 8 years since its inception it has made record breaking sales and won several awards for engineering excellence , it has acheived much more than what the Walkman in a decade and a half. But then again, Walkman has its own place in history and iPod is making its own. ? REFERENCES: Sony Global, n. d. , â€Å"Sony History† retrived from : http://www. sony. net/Fun/design/history/ Sony Gobal, n. d. â€Å"Sony Design- History 1980s† retrieved from: http://www. sony. net/Fun/design/history/product/1980/wm-2. html Walkman Central, n. d, â€Å"Discman† retrieved from: http://www. walkmancentral. com/list/discman Minidisc Org, n. d. â€Å"Sony MZ RH1† retrieved from : http://www. minidisc. org/manuals/sony/Sony_MZ-RH1_user_manual. pdf Van Buskrik, Eliot, n. d. â€Å"Introducing the World’s first MP3 Player† retrived from: http://reviews. cnet. com/4520-6450_7-5622055-1. html Menta, Richard, n. d. â€Å" Collecting MP3 Portables-Part 1† retrieved from: http://www. antiqueradio. com/Dec04_Menta_mp3pt1. html Yoshido Junko, n. d. â€Å"OEMS ready to roll on jukeboxes for Net audio† retrieved from: http://www. eetimes. com/story/OEG20000818S0035 Creative, (2007-12-03), â€Å"Creative inroduces World’s 1st 32 GB Flash based PMP† retrieved from: http://asia. creative. com/corporate/pressroom/releases/welcome. asp? pid=12867 Wolverine Data, (2008-01-02), â€Å"Wolverine ESP 250 GB† retrieved from: http://secure. serverlab. net/shop/merchant. mvc? Screen=PRODProduct_Code=5250Category_Code=ESPStore_Code=T00107 â€Å"Identifying Ipod Models† retrieved from: http://docs. info. apple. com/article. html? artnum=61688